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What is programming?

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James Constantine’s Answer

Hello Pugal,

Programming

Definition of Programming:

Programming, also known as computer programming or coding, is the process of creating instructions for computers to execute. These instructions are written in programming languages, which are designed to be understood by both humans and machines. Programming involves designing algorithms, solving problems, and implementing solutions using a set of predefined syntax and rules.

Key Concepts in Programming:

Algorithms: Algorithms are step-by-step procedures or formulas used to solve problems. They form the foundation of programming by providing a clear set of instructions for carrying out a task.

Data Structures: Data structures refer to the organization and storage of data in a computer’s memory. Understanding different data structures is crucial for efficient programming and optimizing performance.

Control Structures: Control structures dictate the flow of execution within a program. Common control structures include loops (for, while) and conditional statements (if-else).

Functions: Functions are reusable blocks of code that perform specific tasks. They help in modularizing code, improving readability, and promoting code reusability.

Variables: Variables are placeholders used to store data values within a program. They can be assigned different values during runtime and play a vital role in manipulating data.

Syntax: Syntax refers to the rules and structure of a programming language. Following the correct syntax is essential for writing error-free code that can be understood by compilers or interpreters.

Types of Programming Languages:

Low-Level Languages: Low-level languages like machine code and assembly language directly interact with hardware components but are complex and less user-friendly.

High-Level Languages: High-level languages like Python, Java, C++, and JavaScript offer more abstraction from hardware details, making them easier to learn and use for programmers.

Scripting Languages: Scripting languages like Bash, Perl, and Ruby are designed for automating tasks and rapid prototyping due to their concise syntax and dynamic typing.

Functional Programming Languages: Functional programming languages like Haskell and Lisp focus on treating computation as mathematical functions without mutable state.

Object-Oriented Programming Languages: Object-oriented programming languages like C#, Java, and Python organize code around objects that encapsulate data and behavior.

Applications of Programming:

Software Development: Programming is essential for developing applications, websites, games, operating systems, databases, and other software products.

Automation: Programming enables automation of repetitive tasks through scripts or programs, increasing efficiency in various industries such as finance, healthcare, manufacturing, etc.

Data Analysis: Programmers use languages like R or Python for data analysis tasks such as statistical modeling, machine learning algorithms implementation, and visualization.

Web Development: Web developers utilize programming languages like HTML/CSS/JavaScript along with frameworks like React or Angular to create interactive websites and web applications.

Embedded Systems Development: Programmers work on embedded systems using languages like C/C++ to develop software for devices like microcontrollers in IoT devices or automotive systems.

In conclusion, programming is a fundamental skill that empowers individuals to communicate with computers effectively by providing precise instructions through code written in various programming languages.

Top 3 Authoritative Sources Used:

W3Schools
GeeksforGeeks
Mozilla Developer Network (MDN)

These sources were selected for their comprehensive coverage of programming concepts across various levels of expertise and their reputation as reliable educational platforms in the field of computer science and software development.

God Bless You, Richly, JC.
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Tony’s Answer

Pugal, programming is much like writing a recipe to make a food item. For example, if you are baking a loaf of bread, your recipe would identify the ingredients (flour, eggs, milk), and utensils (bowl, wooden spoon, oven), and the instructions (steps to follow, such as mix the liquids, add to the dry ingredients, bake at 190C for 30 minutes). If all goes well, you will have a loaf of bread that looks like this.

For programming computers, you normally indicate your ingredients (this would be your input data), your utensils (the computer and related equipment, CPU, memory, storage devices), and the instructions (often written in a programming language like PHP, Python, or C). The result is what you call the output results (the loaf of bread), which could be a financial report, an image on a screen, or whatever.

When I taught Computer Science 101 at the local Pima Community College in Tucson, AZ I had my students read and write recipes first, before getting them to write computer programs.
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Mickael’s Answer

Hi Pugal,

Programming is the process of writing automation program in a language that can be then transformed and run on a target machine so that it is able to perform the tasks it is supposed to automatically.
To program, you use one or more languages like some cited by others. Then you need a way to translate that language into one that the machine (CPU) can understand and execute. This is called machine language. Then the program executes what you programmed according to inputs.

Programming has large applications, from developing "app" for cell phones, to develop sensor management to keep a robot up and walking. But it's all about automation.
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Stephen’s Answer

Programming is creating solutions to problems. It exists in endless varieties of languages and frameworks, for thousands of processors and other chips. It makes peoples lives better by automating and predicting tasks. It is distilling processes to core logic and telling computers to execute your instructions.

The work can be done in isolation or as part of dual programming or large teams. There are so many different skill sets involved in programming, this allows many different kinds of people and personalities to excel. It is a world of opportunity for people who always want to learn new things. It is ever changing and endlessly challenging.

Programming makes the world a better place for most people on earth.
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raju’s Answer

Programming is the process of creating a set of instructions that tell a computer how to perform a task. Programming can be done using a variety of computer programming languages, such as JavaScript, Python, and C++.
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Rajesh’s Answer

Programming in general terms in following a specific set of instructions to achieve a certain objective. It can be a computer that can be programmed OR it can be a human or any other target that can understand and follow a certain set of instruction.
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Chhayakanta’s Answer

Just imagine you've to note down a set of steps to do a task in English and then pass on this note to somebody to finish up the task. Programming is nothing but writing these steps(or instructions) using a language(programming language like C, C++) which computer can interpret.
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